One such panel discussion was on dark matter, entitled 'The Dark Side of the Universe' with David Gross (Nobel Prize for Physics 2004), Adam Riess (Nobel Prize for Physics 2011), George Smoot (Nobel Prize for Physics 2006) and Brian Schmidt ( Nobel Prize for Physics 2011). Verticillium wilt is one of the most important diseases of cotton worldwide, affecting yield and fiber quality.
Recommendations
There are 24 countries that have adopted biotech crops, of which the US accounts for 40% of the global share. The highest year-on-year increase in the biotech cotton area was achieved in South Africa (a remarkable 315%), followed by the USA (24%) and Brazil (19%).2 Although technology increases yield and the production costs, challenges are the minor pests that have become major pests and the development of insect resistance.
Acknowledgements
Some solutions to challenges in increasing yield include reducing plant density per hectare, shorter crop duration, short critical window and efficient management of insect pests, nutrients, water and light. The training workshop was led by Dr Keshav Kranthi, head of the Technical Information Department at the ICAC, and he also held participatory practical sessions on Bt detection using immuno-chromatographic strips and Bt quantification by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.3.
Brown, Professor of English at the University of the Western Cape, expertly takes us through topics such as wilderness and conservation, wild cities, language that is wild again, wildness and food, wild animals, the wild fringe and wilderness in the ethics of human-animal relations . . At the heart of the book is the idea that humans, no matter how we try to separate ourselves from wild nature, we remain connected and inseparable from it.
Ecological rewilding
Wilder Lives uses ideas of 'wildness' and 'rewilding' to rethink the human relationship with our environment. As a species, we have single-handedly destroyed our planet's ecosystems in the short space of a few hundred years.
Human rewilding
And Mdantsane, the large township of the region, central to the bus boycott and strikes and home to a majority of East London's people, is barely mentioned. The International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements in 2019 marks the 150th anniversary of the publication of Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table.
The 1860s: Development of the modern periodic system
More recently, the periodic table even got its own number in a viral YouTube video.2. In addition to being an educational, organizational, and predictive tool for aspiring and professional chemists, the periodic table is also a highly mediated record of the history of chemistry: its elements are named to commemorate its long genesis.
Mendeleev’s system: Publication and reception
This proportion is significant as small-scale fishing in South Africa directly supports the livelihoods of over 28 000 households, while commercial fishing indirectly employs over 100 000 workers.5 In Brazil, catches peaked at just over 950 000 tonnes in 1985, while when a sharp decline in the abundance of the main target stocks caused catches to fall to around 600 000 tonnes/year between 1990 and 1999, before recovering to just over 700 000 tonnes in 2016.6,7 The sustainable management of ocean resources is a global issue that requires cooperation. The strongest recognition of this need is the inclusion of the Sustainable Development Goal on the need to strengthen the means to implement and revitalize partnerships (SDG 17) in the UN's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.8 Research and innovation are key areas where partnerships can play a role. a key role in the sustainable management of resources in order to support the aspirations of the present generation and preserve the development potential for future generations.
Regional and national efforts to promote African Atlantic cooperation
For example, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations reports that the percentage of stocks fished at biologically unsustainable levels increased from 10% in 1974 to 33% in 2015.1 According to the Ocean Health Index, natural products, coastal protection and carbon storage at a global level all saw steady declines between 2012 and 2016.2. The South Atlantic Ocean is described by the International Hydrographic Organization as extending from the equator in the north to the Antarctic continent in the south and is broadly bounded by South America to the west and Africa to the east.3 According to the Ocean Health Index, South Africa, which borders the South Atlantic Ocean in east, is ranked No. 45 (out of 221) on the overall score, while Brazil and Trindade on the other side of the South Atlantic are ranked No. 126.2 South Africa's highest ranking (21st) is on the 'Carbon storage' metric, and its lowest ranking (144th) is on the 'Clean water' metric, whereas Brazil and Trindade's highest rankings (26th) are on the 'Sense of Place' metric and their lowest rankings (162nd) are on 'Livelihoods' -metrics.2 With UN General Assembly Resolution 71/312 calling, among other things, for action to 'Develop comprehensive strategies to raise awareness of the natural and cultural significance of the ocean...'4, the above metrics provide guidance on areas of strength that can be built on, and areas where improvement can be made.
Trans-Atlantic cooperation
By advancing the implementation of the Belém Declaration, the AANChOR project is envisioned to upgrade research and innovation collaboration within the Atlantic basin, from Antarctica to the Arctic. 1School of Education, Department of Social and Economic Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Post-colonial theory: Adding value and reshaping the discipline of geography
One example of this is how indigenous knowledge and African and indigenous scholarship continue to be erased or subsumed.4 Much of the current curriculum content continues to exclusively recognize only international researchers, e.g. One way to do this might be to consider the use of postcolonial theory in addressing the problem of decolonizing geography curricula.
Geography and its centrality in the decolonising debate
Postcolonial theory can therefore be the means by which geographers begin to question the history of the discipline, the history of the country, and the politics that shape it. It would evolve into a discipline that legitimizes the African voice in studies rather than parroting the colonial voice.1 Postcolonial geography can become the discipline in which students who resent the colonial dominance of the current curriculum can begin to voice their opinions. themselves and begin to write back into the imperial narrative.
A way forward for geography curricula
It is these students – students who have yet to be trained in the tradition of the current curriculum, but have encountered it and seen that it is not representative of us as Africans – who have the most potential to decolonize the curriculum. This necessitates bringing the resistance slogans into the classroom and starting to theorize, to build and legitimize the African identity in the academy as different from the West and yet just as valuable.
Conclusion
The Academy of Sciences of South Africa (ASSAf) recently released its second report on the state of scholarly publishing in South Africa. ASSAf was established in 1994/1995 and became the only National Academy of Sciences to be officially recognized by the South African Government in 2002 as set out in the ASSAf Statutes (Act 67 of 2001) – one of the earlier, beneficial results of the arrival of democracy in the South Africa.
International cooperation
The growing importance of scientific content in critical foreign policy issues has required the South African government to pursue a coordinated science diplomacy strategy, in which ASSAf plays an important role. ASSAf is currently strengthening and consolidating South-South relations, reflecting the shift in the balance of global power distribution and the growing influence of emerging economies in the multilateral system of science and innovation.
Overseas collaboration
African collaborations
Young scientists and gender-related activities
One of the current key areas for South African science diplomacy is radio astronomy in Africa, particularly the Square Kilometer Range (SKA). Certainly, there is a positive picture of ASSAf's science diplomacy efforts and much to be proud of.
Gathering the evidence
This analysis is important because the country faces significant public health issues that cannot be resolved without private sector input. These interconnected relationships pressure the private sector to realize that it is not isolated from the community and physical environment in which it operates.5,20.
Discussion
In 2016, 25 companies specifically mentioned SDGs in both reports (Table 1), while only eight reports specifically mentioned SDG 3.
Conclusions
Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS): Addressing the Unfinished Agenda and Strengthening Sustainable Development and Partnerships. Evaluating the goal of universal health care in the Sustainable Development Goals from a human rights perspective.
Introduction
3Wits Institute of Reproductive Health and HIV, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Possible direct and indirect impacts of climate change on NHI
Ways in which NHI can consider climate change
The case study below illustrates the application of a climate change lens to prevailing societal challenges to ensure a cost-effective NHI as the health consequences of climate change unfold.
Need for climate change considerations in all policies
15 years after the National Environmental Management Air Quality Act: Is legislation failing to reduce air pollution in South Africa? 39 of 2004 not only to reduce air pollutant emissions, but also to monitor the effects of air pollution on the environment.
Air pollution and its management
However, the problems associated with air pollution are far from solved, especially with the observed levels of particles and ozone in areas that have been declared hotspots (Priority Areas) in South Africa. Cooperation between government departments, economic sectors, research institutions and the public is of great importance in the fight against air pollution.
Consideration of progress to date
Environmental permits are an essential tool for effective environmental management, including air quality management. However, Department of Mineral Resources officials are not designated as air quality officers and as such air quality related matters may not be fully investigated during the authorization process.
There is a gap between science and policy
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a term used to describe solid particles or a mixture of solid and liquid droplets suspended in the air.1 A mixture of particles can vary in size distribution, composition and morphology and can be in the form of sulphates, nitrates, ammonium and hydrogen ions, trace elements (including toxic and transition metals), organic material, elemental carbon (or soot), and crustal components. 2.3 PM can originate from primary or secondary sources. Secondary particles are mainly contributed by sulfate and nitrate salts, which are formed during the oxidation of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides respectively.4 Particles from the environment have long been associated with harmful effects on respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary health.5-7 The severity of such health effects is greatly measures depend on the size, concentration and composition of the inhaled particles.8 PM pollution resulting from industrialization has serious effects on the environment mainly due to the release of toxic substances and trace metals into the atmosphere.9.
Results and discussion
The lowest PM10 concentrations were observed around site 1 and site 6, with average concentrations scattered across Site 2, Site 3 and Site 4. Moderate APP values were observed in the northeast of site 5, where concentrations of high PM10, and in the east of the study area.
Authors’ contributions
Granger causality of the local Hadley cell and large-scale cloud cover over South Africa. Climate change over southern Africa can be expected to be closely related to changes in the dynamics of the regional Hadley cell.
Data and methods
Therefore, a zonally asymmetric Hadley cell diagnostic is required to examine the behavior of the Hadley cell in South Africa. The climatology of the zonally asymmetric Hadley cell and total cloud cover for DJF are shown in Figures 3 and 4 , respectively.
Results
Descriptive statistics (standard deviation and coefficient of variation) were also calculated to compare rainfall and river flow. Annual river discharge is positively related to annual rainfall for the period (see Figure 3 for an example).
Discussion and conclusion
An abrupt shift in the relative frequencies of these species occurs in the middle of the sequence with T. The most common species in the Oakhurst levels are Perna perna (brown mussel), D.
Site background
Materials and methods
Exploitation status of infralittoral abalone (Haliotis midae) and alikreukela (Turbo sarmaticus) in the southern part of the Cape East Coast, South Africa. The majority (18 or 64%) of the top 100 school rugby coaches implemented different conditioning practices for different positions, compared to only two (13%) of non-paid school coaches.
Spatial arrangement of valeraldehyde
The aim of this study was to calculate the theoretical (software based) spectroscopic properties of valeraldehyde as a member of the aldehyde family. Advances in basic computational analytical chemistry software have made it possible to predict results before experimental analysis is undertaken, which creates greater confidence in the results of the analysis.10 Various types of computational methods and models exist.
Computational method
Parameter use
Computational results
A narrow energy gap indicates a smooth electronic transition and a wide energy gap gives the compound high thermodynamic solidity. The resultant IR and Raman spectra of the compound were compared with the standard compound.
Acknowledgement
Overloading will also change the ventilation rates achieved with the window configurations considered in this study; Taxis are often overloaded or overloaded during peak-traffic commutes.8 The potential role of airborne infection control devices (similar to those used in healthcare settings) to address the suboptimal ventilation scenarios should be considered; these devices include ultraviolet germicidal irradiation devices, filtering devices or mechanical ventilation. The Milner Hall is a deep underground chamber within the Sterkfontein Caves (South Africa) that extends approximately 100 m in an east-west direction.1 The complex stratigraphic context of the Milner Hall fossiliferous depositional sequence – in which an early distal accumulation of the 3.67-Ma-old Member 2 (T3) and 2.18-Ma Oldowan artifact-bearing sediments of Member 5 (T2) contribute to the formation of the upper fossil and artifact-bearing deposit, T11-3 – offers the potential for fossils of Australopithecus, Paranthropus and early Homo to be represented in the unit.
Material and methods
Pending additional morphometric analyses, our studies of the internal morphology of the crown of StW 669 support its attribution to Homo. Three variables were measured in 3D and 2D8,9,21: volume (Ve, mm3) and area (c, mm2) of the enamel shell; volume (Vcdp, mm3) and area (b, mm2) of the coronal dentine that includes the coronal aspect of the pulp chamber; and surface (SEDJ, mm2) and length (e, mm) of the enamel-dentin junction.
