Ngimemezela ukuthi le thesis: "Ukuqonda i-Al-Qaeda: indlela esezingeni eliphezulu" ingumsebenzi wami siqu, ngokomqondo kanye nasekufezeni. Kusetshenziswa ulwazi oluvela kuPsychology, ikakhulukazi i-logotherapy, inhloso yocwaningo ukusiza labo abasebenza kwezomthetho ukuthi bafunde ngamalungu aleli qembu le-al-Qaeda ukuze bawavimbele ekuzibandakanyeni ezenzweni zobuphekula ezibeka ukuphepha engozini. izimpilo zabantu, nomphakathi, kanye nomnotho wanoma yiliphi izwe.
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL ORIENTATION TO THE STUDY
- INTRODUCTION
- REASONS FOR THE STUDY
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
- HYPOTHESES
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
- DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- VALUE OF THE STUDY
He is the leader of today's Al-Qaeda and was one of its founding members. He was Osama Bin Laden's deputy and the intellectual driving force behind Al-Qaeda.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
AL-QAEDA IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
- REASONS FOR THE FOUNDING OF AL-QAEDA
- WHAT AL-QAEDA WAS NOT
- ACTIVITIES OF AL-QAEDA
Religious reason: Al-Qaeda was in the mind of Osama Bin Laden (Ras, 2008b), an Islamic faction with the aim of uplifting the word of God (Allah) and making his religion victorious. Founding Al-Qaeda was the right decision at the right time in their lives.
AL-QAEDA AND ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL WORLD
The richness of these two terms ("kardia" and "psyche") encapsulates what the researcher has in mind when he thinks of al-Qaeda's "psyche". The researcher believes that Al Qaeda's "common beliefs" clearly reflect what they stand for and why they do what they do.
These beliefs are: (i) the belief in holy Jihad and the establishment of an Islamic caliphate, (ii) the belief that the use of force is the only real option to bring about change, (iii) the belief that people ( non Al-Qaeda members) must be shocked by physical and psychological terrifying terrorist tactics, (iv) the belief that the West (especially the United States of America), the Jews (Israel) and even Christians are bad and evil, and must depart and be expelled from the Holy Land and surrounding areas, (v) the belief that Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda please God (Allah's) by waging His (God's) war (Jihad) on earth) (Bergen, 2006; Ras, 2008b; 2009c; Appendix L1). In this case a very effective form of al-Qaeda and/or militant Islamic warfare (Ras, 2008b).
AL-QAEDA’S ORGANIZATIONAL DRIVING FORCE AND ACTIVITIES The organizational driving force of Al-Qaeda is the desire of its members to establish an
To Osama and the other Al-Qaeda leaders and members, the "Caliphate" was the political leadership of the Islamic Ummah (congregation of believers). He is not mentally ill - not in his own mind or in the eyes of al-Qaeda.
AL-QAEDA’S WORLD VIEW
In Al-Qaeda cells, everything is about the organizational goal of establishing an Islamic Caliphate. According to the Al-Qaeda Training Manual (2008; http:// cryptome.org/alq-terr-man. htm), military soldiers who are involved in so-called "special operations" are the best they have. They have been persuaded and persuaded by al-Qaeda leaders to do what they do.
Allah (God) plans, therefore they plan (The Al Qaeda Training Manual, 2008; http://cryptome.org/alq-terr-man.htm).
THE BEHAVIOUR OF AL-QAEDA MEMBERS
The actions or behavior of Al Qaeda members become visible in the things they do. Thus, Al Qaeda is undoubtedly a military organization that is completely religious-ideologically (jihadist) driven (Ras, 2008b). Al Qaeda members are most of the time committed and dedicated members who have religious contacts with their religious leaders.
Involvement in the jihadist struggle gives many al-Qaeda members a sense of significance and power (after 2007).
PSYCHOLOGICAL INSIGHTS ABOUT AL-QAEDA
To an al-Qaeda "outsider" it appears that the "al-Qaeda psychology" they use to mold and shape the behavior of their members and their new recruits is a kind of "mixed blend psychology" (Ras. ,. 2008b). In Al Qaeda terms, this means: Al Qaeda members, even without knowing it, believe that they find meaning ("healing") when they serve the interests of Al Qaeda (http://en.wikipedia. org/ wiki/Logotherapy). Put another way: when someone belongs to al-Qaeda, this organization's ideology, theology, group dynamics, internal organizational structure and set-up, combined with their worldview to see things in a particular light, "transforms" their members into being their leader. , Osama Bin Laden, and the other members of this group follow.
Al-Qaeda, as an organization, offers and gives members of this group a reason why they live and why they are willing to die for their beliefs (Ras, 2008a; 2009c).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- INTRODUCTION
- THE RATIONALE FOR THE PRESENT RESEARCH
- RESEARCH APPROACH THAT IS USED IN THIS STUDY
- REASON FOR USING THE QUALITATIVE APPROACH IN THIS STUDY Qualitative researchers normally construct social reality and attempt to discover cultural
- RESEARCH METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
- SPECIFIC DATA GATHERING TECHNIQUES
- THE DANGER OF BECOMING A „FIELD WORK JUNKIE‟
- ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
This is more in line with what the researcher believes is the more appropriate angle to study Al Qaeda to get a more complete picture of this group. The researcher hopes to study the available material on Al-Qaeda qualitatively and to see if this helps to better understand this organization. Many people have certain perceptions about al-Qaeda based on what they read in the media and what they see on television or in the movies.
This practically means that the most relevant and recent sources can be consulted to shed more light on Al-Qaeda (Ras, 2008b).
CHAPTER FOUR
LOGOTHERAPY AND AL-QAEDA
INTRODUCTION
Becoming a suicide bomber, for example, is an ultimate goal of many al-Qaeda members. Although al-Qaeda members will not be familiar with this term, this idea is present with al-Qaeda. There is no doubt that Osama Bin Laden is very deeply religious and will convey this idea to al-Qaeda members (Bergen, 2006).
In fact, existential frustrations are nothing but “noological frustrations” they experience – they are frustrations that are in the “minds” (“noes”) of Al-Qaeda members (Ras a).
By making use of "appealing techniques" (whether electronic, in person or via documentary means), Al-Qaeda continues to try to convince Muslims and new recruits to join them in Jihad. But it knows the dialogue between bullets, the ideals of assassination, bombing and destruction, and the diplomacy of guns and machine guns" (The Al Qaeda Training Manual, 2008; http://cryptome.org/alq-terr-man.htm). What Bin Laden and other Al-Qaeda members now do is to constantly try to persuade others to do the same.
Jihad is their life and life is Jihad (Al-Qaeda Training Manual & http://cryptome.org/ .alq-terr-man.htm; Ras, 2008b).
CHAPTER FIVE
A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF AL-QAEDA
INTRODUCTION
It won't work, he says, because it means different things to different people and there's a false assumption that if we can identify the characteristics of known terrorists, we can then move towards making predictions. He emphasized that terrorists are not a homogenous population and that we simply do not understand why some move from legal to illegal activities (Horgan, 2006; http://shrinkette.blog spot.com/2006/04/I-believe-psychological-profiling. html; Vaisman-Tzachor, 2006).
WHAT IS MEANT BY A PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF AL-QAEDA?
If no attempt is made to profile Al-Qaeda, it would be nearly impossible for law enforcement agencies and personnel to prevent any future terrorist attacks. The reason why the researcher uses the term "psychological" profiling is that this study falls within the field of psychology, and it is mainly from/and within this perspective that remarks about Al-Qaeda are made. It was Benjamin Franklin who once said that the man who does things makes many mistakes, but he never makes the greatest mistake of all – doing nothing (http://www.attitudeworks.com./au).
In trying to create a profile of Al-Qaeda, a lot of mistakes will/can certainly be made, but at least the researcher will not make the mistake of making the biggest mistake – doing nothing.
ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN THIS PROFILE
The belief is strong that, as noted earlier, one discipline cannot provide all the answers to the questions that need to be asked to truly understand this group (Musharbash, 2006; Koker & Yordan, 2008). While a profile never describes a specific person, but rather the type of personality most likely to commit a particular crime, in law enforcement (investigative circles), it is important to note that a profile cannot never replace a complete profile. professional investigation. However, the researcher believes that any psychological profile is a very good addition that will help law enforcement personnel to understand Al-Qaeda (Prinsloo, 1993; Ras, 2008a).
It has been pointed out that understanding a group like Al Qaeda normally requires insights from different disciplines (Cole 2003; Bergen, 2008; Ras, 2008a; Fasihuddin, 2008).
BUILDING A PSYCHOLOGAL PROFILE OF AL-QAEDA
For them, the voice of Allah is captured in the Holy Qur'an (the holy book) and hadith (the deeds and words of the Prophet Muhammad), and personified through their Commander-in-Chief (leader / general / emir), Osama Bin Laden and the organizational structure of Al-Qaeda. Al-Qaeda's plans are mostly a reflection of those of its leaders. He then joined Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda due to financial constraints (Ras, 2008b), and issued a religious fatwa (decree) on February 23, 1998 against all Jews and Crusaders (Americans, Christians, the West).
They must be Muslim, committed to Al-Qaeda's ideology, mature (not young), willing to suffer martyrdom, disciplined (listen and obey), able to keep secret and conceal information, free be of illness, have patience, have calm personalities, be intelligent and show insight, be careful and cautious, be able to spy and point spies, be able to observe and analyze and act (The Al Qaeda Training Manual, 2008). Pakistani mountain areas Al-Qaeda members (Taliban members) usually move around on horseback. Al-Qaeda members' emotions or affections are subject to their way of thinking (cognitive processes) and their decision-making procedures (conative processes).
CHAPTER SIX
COUNTER-TERRORISM MEASURES
PRACTICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL REMARKS
- INTRODUCTION
- GENERAL REMARKS
- HOW DOES ONE RECOGNIZES AN AL-QAEDA MEMBER?
- OBSERVATION
- DIFFERENT KINDS OF AL-QAEDA MEMBERS
They must even be prepared to kill their own members (comrades) (Al-Qaeda Training Manual, 2008; http://cryptome.org/alq-terr-man.htm). Practically speaking, this means that members will be well informed about the Jihad and the five beliefs of Al-Qaeda. Due to the fact that all al-Qaeda members must be Muslims, a starting point for searching for them is always the local mosque (mashid).
Al Qaeda members will always talk about jihad, about Osama bin Laden, about infidels and the evil of the West.
